Categories
Slices from Life

Another Waterworld?

By Jun A. Alindogan

I grew up in a town that was once part of another municipality. Originally called “Binuwangan,” this islet now requires villagers to take a 15-minute boat ride from a small port. My town was named after the Spanish Governor General Jose Francisco De Obando y Solis on May 14, 1753.

I was born in the early 1960s, and it is perhaps an understatement to describe the town as purely rustic; it also boasted forested areas, enchanted trees, shallow fishponds, sprawling rice farms, large vegetable gardens, poultry, and piggeries. I enjoyed both land and water.

Flooding was practically unheard of during my childhood, except for one devastating tropical storm that I believed was the end of the world, characterised by sharp lightning, roaring thunder, incessant rain, and dark, billowing clouds that lasted for days. We lived in a bungalow but had to relocate to a two-story house owned by our grandparents just a few meters away from our residence. Sources indicate that Typhoon Patsy was a Category 4 typhoon that struck the Philippines in November 1970.

At the age of seven, I was perhaps naïve regarding the widespread and severe damage the typhoon inflicted on my hometown. I never imagined that such a catastrophic flood would happen again in my adulthood. I was terribly wrong.

After graduating from college, I noticed a gradual decline in my hometown. Hectares of fishponds in a neighbouring town were reclaimed by the national government to make way for a housing project.

Ironically, the reclaimed area now faces frequent severe flooding due to high tides, inadequate drainage, a weak dike, and powerful typhoons. Similarly, my coastal hometown also experiences these issues. Even during past summers, the area has been flooded despite the scorching heat. When bodies of water are reclaimed without proper infrastructure, towns that were once unaffected become permanent catch basins, eroding and eventually succumbing to salinity and acidity. Residents are being forced to leave their homes and are uprooted from their origins. It is paradoxical that my hometown is famous for a fertility festival, yet water, which is supposed to be life-giving, has now become an agent of death.

The disappearance of material items is always tragic, as they are physical remnants of our memories that are taken from us, making it impossible to recover and restore them. Our memories are often intertwined with the physical objects we hold dear; however, in their absence, our memories become hazy and dim. As we age, our memories become less reliable.

In 2009, Typhoon Ketsana struck the Philippines on a sunny Saturday morning. I remember this vividly, as I was conducting lectures on research and writing at a graduate-level seminary in Manila. After class, a few students invited me to lunch, but it had already started to rain lightly before class ended. The rain intensified as we made our way to a fast-food chain. Unfortunately, the power was out, and there was no food available. Little did we know that the entire city would soon be submerged in a torrential downpour, equal to a month’s worth of rainfall.

Hungry, we attempted to navigate flooded roads, moving from one fast-food restaurant to another, but to no avail. Eventually, we found our way to a friend’s flat in the late afternoon as the water gradually receded. We stayed there for a bowl of hot noodle soup, some biscuits, and herbal tea to warm our spirits during a friendly conversation. However, I couldn’t go home because it was still raining in the evening. I decided to spend the night at the seminary, as I felt it was unsafe to commute.

Upon returning home, I was greeted with chaos—my clothes had turned into rags. My photo album, filled with memories of my childhood, grade school classes, family reunions, social activities, overseas travels, friendly letters, employment certificates, and published articles and poetry, had been washed away in the flood. Bags, millstones, jackets, family heirlooms, and wooden cabinets had also disappeared. My cousin and her family, who had been staying with me, left in a hurry—it was a matter of life and death. Neighbours informed me that the flood inside my home had reached chest-deep, while the water on the street was up to people’s necks. One’s grief is synonymous with lost belongings.

During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic, Typhoon Vamco caused extensive damage to our country. Years prior, my siblings and I faced the difficult decision to sell our family home due to persistent flooding. I relocated to an upland neighborhood in Rizal province, where a former student resided.

I initially slept in a small space that served as a community pharmacy, part of our church’s development project. The room had a leaking roof due to overhanging branches and stray cats, while its concrete walls remained unfinished. During heavy rains, the room would flood, requiring basins to catch the leaks. I endured two sleepless nights as the rain and strong winds threatened to blow off my roof. With no electricity, I had to sleep in the dark on benches. My eldest brother, who lives abroad, was concerned for my safety, as he could not reach me. Technology is not always reliable, especially during natural disasters.

Nature can cause devastation to communities that exploit and misuse natural resources. Quarrying is widespread in my area, leading to the erosion of protected landscapes. Montalban has an estimated 16 to 20 active quarrying and rock-crushing plants. Operations are closely monitored for their impact on the Sierra Madre Mountain Range and nearby river basins, particularly in a village called San Isidro.  

During typhoon season, silt, mud, and rain flow downstream, causing significant damage to life and property, as seen in many villages during Typhoon Vamco.

In 2025, Rizal Province was declared as in a state of calamity as the province was severely flooded when Typhoon Wipha made landfall. Flats had been constructed on tributaries, and agricultural lands converted to commercial areas, which exacerbated downstream flooding. Additionally, rivers continue to be large dumping sites for household and industrial waste, and flood control measures are inadequate. Protected landscapes are also being sold off.

Climate change is intensifying the severity of floods, and our aquatic ecosystem is greatly impacted by the belief that nature can survive without human intervention. Communities must take responsibility for their actions and work to restore the environment, which could enhance nature’s resilience to future challenges.

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Manuel A. Alindogan, Jr. or Jun A. Alindogan is the Academic Director of the Expanded Alternative Learning Program of Empowered East, a Rizal-province based NGO in the Philippines and is also the founder of Speechsmart Online that specializes in English test preparation courses. He is a freelance writer and a member of the Freelance Writers’ Guild of the Philippines (FWGP).

PLEASE NOTE: ARTICLES CAN ONLY BE REPRODUCED IN OTHER SITES WITH DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TO BORDERLESS JOURNAL

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Categories
Essay

Peddling Progress?

By Jun A. Alindogan

I grew up in a town where fish, shellfish, and seafood are abundant, so the specialty dishes are related to its topography. The location is humble, yet it boasts special delicacies such as noodles, porridge, tofu, duck eggs, and rice cakes. Many stores line the town’s main street, serving these types of morning and afternoon snacks that I was quite fond of. I particularly remember a store famous for its huge burgers with generous slices of cucumber, tomatoes, and onions on a tangy mayo-ketchup dressing — also popular for its all-day breakfast meals. Despite its marine resources, my hometown has no particular brand associated with it.

A Philippine-based fast-food chain was recently established in the area, and residents claim that development has now been put in place. Consumption is erroneously classified as development. A former English language student mistakenly believed that the Philippines was a wealthy nation because of the abundance of malls, only to realise later that poverty is widespread behind these malls. Consumption is peddled as a sign of progress.

This also happened during my university years when I had to take the elevated rail system to go to school. At the north end point of the train system stood a central grade school on a sprawling campus, which has now been transferred to a much smaller space but is still referred to as a central school. All central schools in our country are located on large campuses. Its original location is now part of a nationwide mall chain. Is going to the mall productive?

Years ago, my younger brother moved to the southernmost province of Luzon Island, which was our father’s hometown. In the past, I would spend holidays at my brother’s residence with some very close friends. The roads are well-paved, and in the city half an hour away, there are small commercial shops and a local fast-food chain unique to the area. The province is well-known for its “pili” nuts and handicrafts.

According to my brother, the city’s landscape has drastically changed with the addition of a big mall chain and a Roman-inspired colosseum. My nephew recently informed me that the provincial projects mainly consist of community-based gymnasiums. “Progress” seems to be selective and does not necessarily foster a strong culture of creativity and productivity in each household.

In my current municipality, the main issue is the lack of social infrastructure to support entrepreneurship. The prevailing norm is consumption, whether physical or digital. Bureaucratic red tape makes business mechanisms inaccessible, discouraging newcomers from starting any kind of enterprise.

Perhaps another reason for this lack of visitors is the municipality’s location. Being the last town in the province, only residents and haulers typically come to the area. It is isolated from the main arterial road that traverses the entire province.

The town does not have a specific product to boast of, unlike other cities and municipalities known for their specialties like shoemaking, salted and duck eggs, fish sauce, specialty noodle dishes, and slippers made from water lilies.

The town’s main products are concrete and sand, extracted through continuous quarrying activities that are detrimental to both human health and the environment. Agricultural produce — such as bananas, mangoes, tomatoes, okra, and eggplants — is limited due to the town’s rocky terrain. During a visit to an upland village, I met a caretaker of a small property that was supposed to be organic, but I discovered during our conversation that it was merely a facade by a large mobile phone provider for its social enterprise project.  Additionally, the population of native tilapia[1] is low due to murky waters caused by silt and mud. Despite having numerous hiking sites that also cater to consumerist interests, the municipality lacks a distinct specialty dish for people to enjoy and remember as part of its commercial offerings.

According to my sister-in-law’s brother, the main source of income for their island-province is remittances from Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) [2] .He also claims that the province is an ideal place to retire and spend money, boasting beaches, volcanic hot springs, coconut plantations, rice farms, nature resorts, and rivers. Despite having a root-crop based delicacy and an abundance of dried fish, the province lacks production or manufacturing facilities, with the exception of mining, which unfortunately led to one of the worst environmental disasters in the country’s history. As a result, consumption is the prevailing norm on the island. Isn’t it ironic that the ex-girlfriend of a close friend pursued a degree in BS Entrepreneurship but currently works as a Customer Engagement Manager at a global fast-food chain?  She should have considered starting her own business, no matter how small. She is actually promoting a perpetual cycle of consumerism, rather than entrepreneurship.

Based on online sources[3], there are only ten small manufacturing firms in my current area, Montalban (Rodriguez), which covers a total land area of   172.65 km 2 (66.66 sq mi) [4]. This implies that a culture of production is not the town’s priority when it should have been the first step to economic and social progress, alongside environmental protection and sustainability.

In hindsight, society generally encourages individuals to consume the latest gadgets, trends, food, technology, shoes, fashion, apps, make-up, and hairstyles. We are therefore told to consume and discard in a never-ending cycle of consumption and waste. Creativity in building enterprise is relegated in favor of a consumerist culture. To move forward, communities must do the reverse, so wealth is neutralized. Not everyone has the business acumen to succeed. However, production must still exceed consumption.

One main reason for the failure of production to establish a strong foothold in our communities could be attributed to the lack of practical and relevant entrepreneurial courses that are accessible to everyone in terms of fees, range, and distance. These courses are not tailored to the specific needs of each locality, as businesses tend to be similar in one area, causing most enterprises to struggle to take off without offering anything unique to attract patrons. Creativity and productivity go hand in hand.

To create a more sustainable society, we need to move away from consumerism and focus on increasing production through manual, mechanical, automated, or digital means. A thriving community relies on its ability to expand and improve production capabilities.

[1] Fish

[2] https://psa.gov.ph/statistics/survey/labor-and-employment/survey-overseas-filipinos/node/1684600

[3] https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-information.manufacturing.ph.rizal.rodriguez_%28montalban%29.html

[4] https://www.philatlas.com/luzon/r04a/rizal/rodriguez.html

Manuel A. Alindogan, Jr. or Jun A. Alindogan is the Academic Director of the Expanded Alternative Learning Program of Empowered East, a Rizal-province based NGO in the Philippines and is also the founder of Speechsmart Online that specialises in English test preparation courses. He is a freelance writer and a member of the Freelance Writers’ Guild of the Philippines (FWGP).

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PLEASE NOTE: ARTICLES CAN ONLY BE REPRODUCED IN OTHER SITES WITH DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TO BORDERLESS JOURNAL

Click here to access the Borderless anthology, Monalisa No Longer Smiles

Click here to access Monalisa No Longer Smiles on Kindle Amazon International